Thin-film PV modules mainly include calcium titanite, cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), and gallium arsenide (GaAs). Amorphous silicon cells are included in thin film cells. In addition, the more recent heterojunction (HIT/HJT) is a thin film of amorphous silicon deposited on crystalline silicon, which is a combination of monocrystalline silicon cells and amorphous silicon cells.

Polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic module photoelectric conversion efficiency is much lower, about 17%, but the production cost is lower, so a lot of development. However, its life span is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon panels, and in terms of cost performance, monocrystalline silicon is slightly better.

Heterojunction combines the advantages of crystalline silicon cells and thin film cells. Compared with other PV cells, heterojunction cells have the advantages of a high conversion rate and high stability. The main problem of heterojunction is the cost, one is the high investment in equipment, and the other is a large amount of silver paste, thus the current price is low.